https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/tags/ports/Recent content in Ports on P01NTHugoenTue, 25 Aug 2026 15:00:00 +0300https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/arch/comp-arch-0x6/Tue, 25 Aug 2026 15:00:00 +0300https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/arch/comp-arch-0x6/<p>بسم الله</p> <p>Having covered the processor and memory topics, this article discusses the third essential part of a computer: the input/output (I/O) system.</p> <h2 id="the-io-system">The I/O System</h2> <p>As we said before, computer architecture consists of the processor, memory, and external peripherals. Peripherals — like the keyboard and printer — receive data from the outside environment and send data to it, connecting to the processor through special interface units.</p> <p>These units (I/O Modules) arise to handle the fundamental differences between the processor and peripheral devices, such as:</p>