https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/tags/macros/Recent content in Macros on P01NTHugoenThu, 13 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0300https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/cworkshop/preprocessor/Thu, 13 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0300https://outofsrvc.github.io/en/cworkshop/preprocessor/<p>Bismillah.</p> <p>After this series of articles we have completed the fundamentals of C — and next, God willing, comes the Malware Development series.</p> <p>In this article we cover the <strong>directives</strong> of the preprocessor — the <code>#</code> sign followed by reserved words that the preprocessor understands, substituted before compilation.</p> <blockquote> <p>A recap of the compilation stages (covered in the first article) — in isolated form:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">gcc -E file.c -o file.i <span class="c1"># 1. Preprocessor</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">gcc -S file.i -o file.s <span class="c1"># 2. Compiler</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">gcc -c file.s -o file.o <span class="c1"># 3. Assembler</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">gcc file.o -o file <span class="c1"># 4. Linker</span> </span></span></code></pre></div></blockquote> <h2 id="1-inclusion-directives">1. Inclusion Directives</h2> <h3 id="include"><code>#include</code></h3> <p>It enables restructuring: splitting a large program into multiple files, each responsible for a specific function:</p>